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Location:
Oltenia is the region stretching between the Danube to the south and west, the Getae Plateau to the north, the Mehedinti Plateau to the northwest and Olt Valley to the east. The plains bear the name of the Oltenian Plain, being like the Baragan Plain, component of the Romanian Plain. In the central part, the region is crossed by the Jiu River.
The main towns of this province are Craiova, Slatina, Caracal and, on the Danube, Calafat and Corabia, as well as the spas of Baile Govora, Baile Olanesti, Calimanesti-Caciulata and Voineasa.
History:
The oldest traces of inhabitants in the country as early as the Paleolithic age have been discovered in this historical province. Integrated into Dacia, Oltenia was colonized and has developed socially and economically during the Roman rule. Starting in the 14th Century, it formed together with Muntenia, the feudal state called Tara Romaneasca - the Romanian Country, maintaining a partial autonomy under the rule of a ban (ruler) of Oltenia.
Touristic sights:
For tourists the Subcarpathians are by far the most attractive sight. Many customs are still alive and the place abounds in art and architecture monuments. Several monasteries have been built, in the charming, tickled forested area. The most famous one is the Cozia monastery erected on a rock extending out in to the Olt River, in the very place where the river finds its way through the South Carpathians. In the proximity of the monastic churches Turnu, Frasinei and Stanisoara, there is a monk monastery at the foot of the majestic limestone walls of the Cozia Massif. From the Ramnicu Valcea town westwards, you can admire other monasteries: Surpatele, from a piece of wood, Govora, Bistrita, Arnota, Horezu, with a particularly beautiful location.
The town of Horezu is the well-known heart of pottery. Around countryside of the town Targu Jiu, you will find other beautiful monasteries - Polovragi, Lainici and Tismana-as well as the village Hobita, the birthplace of the world-famous artist Brancusi.
The most important cities are: Craiova, the capital of the Dolj county, with Art Museum and a city park (90 hectares), one of the most beautiful parks in Romania; Targu Jiu, the capital of the Gorj county worth seeing particularly because of the works, exhibited in the open, of the forerunner of the modern art, the sculptor Constantin Brancusi: ("Gate of the Kiss", "The Table of Silence" and the "Endless Column"); Ramnicu Valcea, the capital of the Valcea county. The well-known spas Calimanesti, Caciulata, Govora and Olanesti are situated, with their thermal springs having excellent healing effect lie in the Olt Valley, as well.
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